molecular and cellular interactions of allogenic and autologus mesenchymal stem cells with innate and acquired immunity and their role in regenerative medicine

mesenchymal stem cells (mscs),as the major stem cells for cell therapy, have been studied from different aspects in pre-clinical and clinical settings for more than a decade. these cells modulate the immune system (humoral and cellular immune responses) in vitro by producing soluble factors (anti-inflammatory molecules) and/or making cell-cell contacts. hence they could be used in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and immune therapy .as mscs-based therapy for cancer (based gene therapy) have been recently used regarding the migratory potential of these cells towards tumor cells to finally defeat cancer ,making them considerable candidates for cell therapy in an allogeneic and autologous settings. so, this review focuses on factors secreted by mscs such as cytokines, their functional role in mounting and controlling immune responses mediated by different immune cell subpopulations and their significance in regenerative medicine in clinical trials. although lots of study would remain to be done to increase our knowledge of the mechanisms regulating development, homeostasis and tissue repair in order to provide new tools to implement the efficacy of cell therapy trials. however mscs have been shown to be safe and effective for cell therapy, there are still challenges needed to be tackled before widely applying mscs in the clinic.